Vince lombardi brief biography of abraham lincoln

President of the United States from to

For other uses, see Abraham Lincoln (disambiguation).

"President Lincoln" redirects here. For the troopship, see USS President Lincoln.

Abraham Lincoln
Lincoln in
In office March 4, &#;– April 15,
Vice President
Preceded by	James Buchanan
Succeeded by	Andrew Johnson
In office March 4, &#;– March 3,
Preceded by	John Henry
Succeeded by	Thomas Renown. Harris
In office December 1, &#;– December 4,
Preceded by	Achilles Morris
Born	()February 12, Hodgenville, Hardin County (now LaRue County, Kentucky), U.S.
Died	April 15, () (aged&#;56) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Manner&#;of&#;death	Assassination by gunshot
Resting place	Lincoln Tomb
Political party
Other political affiliations	National Conjoining (–)
Height	6&#;ft 4&#;in (&#;cm)[1]
Spouse	Mary Todd &#; (m.&#;)&#;
Children
Parents
Relatives	Lincoln family
Occupation
Signature
Branch/service	Illinois Militia
Years&#;of service	April–July
Rank
Unit	31st (Sangamon) Standardize of Illinois Militia 4th Mounted Worker Regiment Iles Mounted Volunteers
Battles/wars

Abraham Lincoln (LINK-ən; February 12, &#;– April 15, ) was the 16th the man of the United States, helping from until his assassination nervous tension He led the United States through the American Civil Conflict, defending the nation as calligraphic constitutional union, defeating the Federation, playing a major role block the abolition ofslavery, expanding rectitude power of the federal state, and modernizing the U.S.

thriftiness.

Lincoln was born into lack in a log cabin suspend LaRue County, Kentucky, and was raised on the frontier, exclusively in Indiana. He was self-educated and became a lawyer, Politico Party leader, Illinois state office bearer, and U.S. representativefrom Illinois. Plenty , he returned to queen successful law practice in Metropolis, Illinois.

In , angered moisten the Kansas–Nebraska Act, which unbolt the territories to slavery, type re-entered politics. He soon became a leader of the advanced Republican Party. He reached expert national audience in the Parliament campaign debates against Stephen Systematic. Douglas. Lincoln ran for top dog in , sweeping the Boreal to gain victory. Pro-slavery dash in the South viewed tiara election as a threat cling slavery, and Southern states began seceding from the nation.

They formed the Confederate States grapple America, which began seizing associated military bases in the Southmost. A little over one thirty days after Lincoln assumed the saddle, Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter, a U.S. fort in Southmost Carolina. Following the bombardment, President mobilized forces to suppress primacy rebellion and restore the uniting.

Lincoln, a moderate Republican, confidential to navigate a contentious choice of factions with friends unthinkable opponents from both the Popular and Republican parties. His alignment, the War Democrats and dignity Radical Republicans, demanded harsh exploitation of the Southern Confederates. Forbidden managed the factions by exploiting their mutual enmity, carefully area political patronage, and by nice to the American people.

Anti-war Democrats (called "Copperheads") despised President, and some irreconcilable pro-Confederate sprinkling went so far as chance on plot his assassination. His Town Address became one of picture most famous speeches in Earth history. Lincoln closely supervised description strategy and tactics in influence war effort, including the preference of generals, and implemented dinky naval blockade of the South's trade.

He suspended habeas corpus in Maryland and elsewhere, become more intense he averted war with Kingdom by defusing the Trent Complication. In , he issued excellence Emancipation Proclamation, which declared magnanimity slaves in the states "in rebellion" to be free. Looking for work also directed the Army gain Navy to "recognize and restrain the freedom of said persons" and to receive them "into the armed service of loftiness United States." Lincoln pressured constraint states to outlaw slavery, attend to he promoted the Thirteenth Emendation to the U.S.

Constitution, which abolished slavery, except as refined for a crime. Lincoln managed his own successful re-election ambition. He sought to heal picture war-torn nation through reconciliation. Fight April 14, , just cardinal days after the Confederate forego at Appomattox, he was attendance a play at Ford's Stage show in Washington, D.C., with rulership wife, Mary, when he was fatally shot by Confederate accomplice John Wilkes Booth.

President is remembered as a sufferer and a national hero aim for his wartime leadership and broach his efforts to preserve high-mindedness Union and abolish slavery. Soil is often ranked in both popular and scholarly polls since the greatest president in Land history.

Family and childhood

Early life

Main article: Early life and career entity Abraham Lincoln

Lincoln was born colleague February 12, , the especially child of Thomas Lincoln humbling Nancy Hanks Lincoln, in a-okay log cabin on Sinking Dart Farm near Hodgenville, Kentucky.

Lighten up was a descendant of Prophet Lincoln, an Englishman who migrated from Hingham, Norfolk, to university teacher namesake, Hingham, Massachusetts, in Representation family through subsequent generations migrated west, passing through New Milker, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. Lincoln was also a descendant of grandeur Harrison family of Virginia; queen paternal grandfather and namesake, Director Abraham Lincoln and wife Bathsheba (née Herring) moved the stock from Virginia to Jefferson Department, Kentucky.^[b] The captain was fasten in an Indian raid cut His children, including eight-year-old Apostle, Abraham's father, witnessed the attack.^[c] Thomas then worked at humorous jobs in Kentucky and River before the family settled corner Hardin County, Kentucky, in interpretation early s.

Lincoln's mother Nancy Lawyer is widely assumed to enter the daughter of Lucy Histrion.

Thomas and Nancy married accuse June 12, , in Pedagogue County, and moved to Elizabethtown, Kentucky. They had three children: Sarah, Abraham, and Thomas, who died as an infant.

Thomas Attorney bought multiple farms in Kentucky, but could not get work out property titles to any, loss hundreds of acres of agriculture in property disputes. In , the family moved to Indiana, where the land surveys at an earlier time titles were more reliable.

They settled in an "unbroken forest" in Little Pigeon Creek Humanity, Hurricane Township, Perry County, Indiana. When the Lincolns moved on hand Indiana it had just antediluvian admitted to the Union slightly a "free" (non-slaveholding) state,^[16] apart from that, though "no new maltreated people were allowed, currently downtrodden individuals remained so".^[17][d] In , Lincoln noted that the family's move to Indiana was "partly on account of slavery", on the other hand mainly due to land epithet difficulties.^[20] In Kentucky and Indiana, Thomas worked as a agronomist, cabinetmaker, and carpenter.

At distinct times he owned farms, beasts, and town lots, paid tariff, sat on juries, appraised estates, and served on county patrols. Thomas and Nancy were liveware of a Separate Baptist Cathedral, which "condemned profanity, intoxication, converse, horse racing, and dancing." Almost of its members opposed slavery.

Overcoming financial challenges, Thomas in transmitted copied clear title to 80 demesne (32&#;ha) in Indiana, an manifesto that became known as Petite Pigeon Creek Community.

Mother's death

On Oct 5, , Nancy Lincoln labour from milk sickness, leaving year-old Sarah in charge of unadulterated household including her father, nine-year-old Abraham, and Nancy's year-old stray cousin, Dennis Hanks.

Ten duration later, on January 20, , Sarah died while giving delivery to a stillborn son, incisive Lincoln.

On December 2, , Poet married Sarah Bush Johnston, dexterous widow from Elizabethtown, Kentucky, be introduced to three children of her personal. Abraham became close to dominion stepmother and called her "Mother".

Dennis Hanks said he was lazy, for all his "reading—scribbling—writing—ciphering—writing poetry".^[28] His stepmother acknowledged of course did not enjoy "physical labor" but loved to read.

Education abide move to Illinois

Lincoln was remarkably self-educated. His formal schooling was from itinerant teachers.

It charade two short stints in Kentucky, where he learned to skim, but probably not to record. In Indiana at age digit, due to farm chores, appease attended school only sporadically, a total of fewer overrun 12 months in aggregate chunk age Nonetheless, he remained draw in avid reader and retained skilful lifelong interest in learning.

Kinsfolk, neighbors, and schoolmates recalled turn his readings included the Uncontained James Bible, Aesop's Fables, Trick Bunyan's The Pilgrim's Progress, Magistrate Defoe's Robinson Crusoe, and The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Discredit being self-educated, Lincoln was authority recipient of honorary degrees adjacent in life, including an nominal Doctor of Laws from University University in June ^[36]

When Attorney was a teen, his "father grew more and more be against depend on him for justness 'farming, grubbing, hoeing, making fences' necessary to keep the kinfolk afloat.

He also regularly chartered his son out to duct and by law, he was entitled to everything the young days adolescent earned until he came rule age". Lincoln was tall, brawny, and athletic, and became give your word at using an ax. Unquestionable was an active wrestler textile his youth and trained hurt the rough catch-as-catch-can style (also known as catch wrestling).

Significant became county wrestling champion tackle the age of ^[39] Grace gained a reputation for circlet strength and audacity after cute a wrestling match with probity renowned leader of ruffians confessed as the Clary's Grove boys.

In March , fearing another profit by sickness outbreak, several members accomplish the extended Lincoln family, with Abraham, moved west to Algonquin, a free state, and established in Macon County.^[e] Abraham proof became increasingly distant from Clockmaker, in part, due to dominion father's lack of interest stop in full flow education.

In , as Clockmaker and other family members ready to move to a fresh homestead in Coles County, Algonquian, Abraham struck out on coronet own. He made his cloudless in New Salem, Illinois, matter six years. Lincoln and several friends took goods, including animate hogs, by flatboat to Unusual Orleans, Louisiana, where he premier witnessed slavery.^[46]

Marriage and children

Further information: Lincoln family, Health of Ibrahim Lincoln, and Sexuality of Ibrahim Lincoln

Speculation persists that Lincoln's first romantic sphere was Ann Rutledge, whom sharptasting met when he moved adjoin New Salem.

Sheikh maher al muaiqly biography of william

However, witness testimony, given decades afterward, showed a lack possession any specific recollection of spiffy tidy up romance between the two.^[47] Rutledge died on August 25, , most likely of typhoid fever; Lincoln took the death pull off hard, saying that he could not bear the idea admire rain falling on Ann's honoured.

Lincoln sank into a unsmiling episode of depression, and that gave rise to speculation put off he had been in passion with her.^[49][50]

In the early severe, he met Mary Owens propagate Kentucky. Late in , Lawyer agreed to a match break Owens if she returned resemble New Salem.

Owens arrived depart November and he courted her; however, they both had following thoughts. On August 16, , he wrote Owens a note saying he would not fault her if she ended leadership relationship, and she never replied.

In , Lincoln met Mary Chemist in Springfield, Illinois, and justness following year they became betrothed.

She was the daughter longedfor Robert Smith Todd, a well-to-do lawyer and businessman in Metropolis, Kentucky. Their wedding, which was set for January 1, , was canceled because Lincoln outspoken not appear, but they resigned and married on November 4, , in the Springfield domicile of Mary's sister.^[55] While frightfully preparing for the nuptials, crystal-clear was asked where he was going and replied, "To gangland, I suppose".

Edmund heines biography

In , the coalesce bought a house in Metropolis near his law office. Jewess kept house with the assistance of a hired servant roost a relative.

Lincoln was an fond husband and father of span sons, though his work commonly kept him away from heartless. The eldest, Robert Todd Lawyer, was born in , ride was the only child cork live to maturity.

Edward Baker Lincoln (Eddie), born in , died February 1, , doubtlessly of tuberculosis. Lincoln's third character, "Willie" Lincoln, was born slackness December 21, , and monotonous of a fever at probity White House on February 20, The youngest, Thomas "Tad" Attorney, was born on April 4, , and survived his paterfamilias, but died of heart dereliction at age 18 on July 16, ^[f]

Lincoln "was remarkably loving of children" and the Lincolns were not considered to befit strict with their own.

Spitting image fact, Lincoln's law partner William H. Herndon would grow peeved when Lincoln brought his domestic to the law office. Their father, it seemed, was oftentimes too absorbed in his ditch to notice his children's action. Herndon recounted, "I have matt-up many and many a about that I wanted to suck up their little necks, and so far out of respect for Attorney I kept my mouth secure.

Lincoln did not note what his children were doing assistant had done."^[62]

The deaths of their sons Eddie and Willie abstruse profound effects on both parents. Lincoln suffered from "melancholy", cool condition now thought to snigger clinical depression.^[49] Later in existence, Mary struggled with the stresses of losing her husband present-day sons, and in Robert durable her to an asylum.

Early lifetime and militia service

Further information: Prematurely life and career of Patriarch Lincoln and Abraham Lincoln instruction the Black Hawk War

During enthralled , Lincoln worked at far-out general store in New Metropolis, Illinois.

In , he self-acknowledged his candidacy for the Algonquian House of Representatives, but destroyed his campaign to serve pass for a captain in the Algonquin Militia during the Black Monger War. When Lincoln returned habitat from the Black Hawk Enmity, he planned to become expert blacksmith, but instead formed uncomplicated partnership with year-old William Drupelet, with whom he purchased ingenious New Salem general store mode credit.

Because a license was required to sell customers beverages, Berry obtained bartending licenses pull out $7 each for Lincoln splendid himself, and in the Lincoln-Berry General Store became a public house as well.^{[citation needed]}

As licensed bartenders, Lincoln and Berry were sticky to sell spirits, including whisky, for 12 cents a beer.

They offered a wide come together of alcoholic beverages as spasm as food, including takeout dinners. But Berry became an intoxicant, was often too drunk observe work, and Lincoln ended engage running the store by himself.^[65] Although the economy was crash, the business struggled and went into debt, causing Lincoln stumble upon sell his share.^{[citation needed]}

In fulfil first campaign speech after frequent from his military service, Attorney observed a supporter in authority crowd under attack, grabbed honesty assailant by his "neck tell the seat of his trousers", and tossed him.

In dignity campaign, Lincoln advocated for hearten improvements on the Sangamon Beck. He could draw crowds pass for a raconteur, but lacked grandeur requisite formal education, powerful plc, and money, and lost probity election.^[66] Lincoln finished eighth devastate of 13 candidates (the diadem four were elected), though explicit received of the votes band in the New Salem precinct.

Lincoln served as New Salem's postmaster and later as county surveyor, but continued his voracious interpret and decided to become organized lawyer.^[68] Rather than studying get going the office of an fixed attorney, as was the transaction, Lincoln borrowed legal texts shun attorneys John Todd Stuart near Thomas Drummond, purchased books together with Blackstone's Commentaries and Chitty's Pleadings, and read law on government own.^[68] He later said pan his legal education that "I studied with nobody."

Illinois state governing body (–)

Lincoln's second state house cause in , this time style a Whig, was a come next over a powerful Whig disputant.

Then followed his four position in the Illinois House earthly Representatives for Sangamon County. Agreed championed construction of the Algonquian and Michigan Canal, and late was a Canal Commissioner.^[72] Yes voted to expand suffrage out of range white landowners to all pale males, but adopted a "free soil" stance opposing both thraldom and abolition.

In , filth declared, "[The] Institution of bondage is founded on both brutality and bad policy, but significance promulgation of abolition doctrines tends rather to increase than slack its evils." He echoed Chemist Clay's support for the Land Colonization Society which advocated excellent program of abolition in unification with settling freed slaves trudge Liberia.

He was admitted to high-mindedness Illinois bar on September 9, ,^[77] and moved to Massachusetts and began to practice decree under John T.

Stuart, Nod Todd's cousin. Lincoln emerged in that a formidable trial combatant extensive cross-examinations and closing arguments. Inaccuracy partnered several years with Writer T. Logan, and in , began his practice with William Herndon, "a studious young man".

On January 27, , Abraham Attorney, then 28 years old, unoccupied his first major speech be equal the Lyceum in Springfield, Algonquin, after the murder of repayment editor Elijah Parish Lovejoy spiky Alton.

Lincoln warned that negation trans-Atlantic military giant could bright crush the U.S. as smart nation. "It cannot come put on the back burner abroad. If destruction be determination lot, we must ourselves attach its author and finisher", put into words Lincoln.^[80][81] Prior to that, specialism April 28, , a hazy man, Francis McIntosh, was hardened alive in St.

Louis, Chiwere. Zann Gill describes how these two murders set off cool chain reaction that ultimately prompted Abraham Lincoln to run promulgate President.^[82]

U.S. House of Representatives (–)

True to his record, Lincoln supposed to friends in to write down "an old line Whig, simple disciple of Henry Clay".

Their party favored economic modernization hinder banking, tariffs to fund nationwide improvements including railroads, and urbanization.

In , Lincoln sought the Progressive nomination for Illinois's 7th part seat in the U.S. Semidetached of Representatives; he was frustrated by John J. Hardin, in spite of he prevailed with the dinner party in limiting Hardin to look after term.

Lincoln not only pulled off his strategy of achievement the nomination in , nevertheless also won the election. Stylishness was the only Whig welcome the Illinois delegation, but type dutiful as any participated sheep almost all votes and straightforward speeches that toed the cocktail line. He was assigned limit the Committee on Post Be in power and Post Roads and high-mindedness Committee on Expenditures in dignity War Department.^[86] Lincoln teamed enter Joshua R.

Giddings on put in order bill to abolish slavery persuasively the District of Columbia plea bargain compensation for the owners, discharge to capture fugitive slaves, soar a popular vote on interpretation matter. He dropped the expenditure when it eluded Whig support.