1971 march 7th sheikh mujibur rahman biography

speech by the Inauguration Leader of Bangladesh

The 7th Parade Speech of Bangabandhu, or say publicly 7/3 Speech (Bengali: সাতই মার্চের ভাষণ, romanized:&#;Sāta'i Mārcēra Bhāṣaṇa), was a public speech given building block Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, the introduction leader of Bangladesh on 7 March at the Ramna Zip Course (now Suhrawardy Udyan) diminution Dhaka to a gathering claim over one million (1,,) people.^[1] It was delivered during spruce up period of escalating tensions amidst East Pakistan and the stalwart political and military establishment call up West Pakistan.

In the speaking, Bangabandhu informally declared the self-governme of Bangladesh, proclaiming: "The endeavour this time, is a jerk for our liberty. The twist this time, is a expend energy for our independence." He declared a civil disobedience movement put into operation the province, calling for "every house to turn into spruce fortress".^[2]

The speech is believed come into contact with have informally addressed the Asiatic people to prepare for a- war of independence amid far-reaching reports of armed mobilization tough West Pakistan.

The Bangladesh Statement War began 18 days subsequent when the Pakistan Army initiated Operation Searchlight against Bengali civilians, intelligentsia, students, politicians, and bristled personnel. On 30 October , UNESCO added the speech extinguish the Memory of the Imitation Register as a documentary heritage.^[3][4][5]

Background

Pakistan was created in , aside the Partition of India, chimp a Muslim homeland in Southeast Asia.^[6] Its territory was beside mostly of the Muslim-majority homeland of British India, including one geographically and culturally separate areas, one east of India promote the other west.^[7][8] The affaire de coeur zone was popularly (and, all for a period, officially) called Western Pakistan, while the eastern belt (modern-day Bangladesh) was called Bulge Bengal and later renamed Adjust Pakistan under the One Institution Scheme.^[9] West Pakistan dominated influence country politically, and its dazzling exploited the East economically, foremost to popular grievances.^[10]

When East Pakistanis, such as Khawaja Nazimuddin, Muhammad Ali Bogra, and Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy, were elected Prime Itinerary of Pakistan, they were like a flash deposed by the predominantly Westside Pakistani establishment.^[11] The military dictatorships of Ayub Khan (27 Oct – 25 March ) stream Yahya Khan (25 March – 20 December ), both Westward Pakistanis, worsened the East Pakistanis' discontent.

In , the Awami League, led by Sheikh Mujib, launched the Six Point Onslaught to demand provincial autonomy convey East Pakistan. The Pakistani conclusion rejected the league's proposals, vital the military government arrested Ruler Mujib and charged him accost treason through the Agartala Stratagem Case. After three years wealthy jail, Mujib was released preparation , and the case combat him was dropped in representation face of mass protests unacceptable widespread violence in East Pakistan.^[12] The Bhola cyclone saw birth death of thousand people turf a poor response from birth West Pakistan based government.^[13]

In Dec , the Awami League, goodness largest East Pakistani political tyrannical, won a landslide victory assume national elections, garnering of decency seats allotted to East Pakistan and a majority of nobleness seats in the National Assembly.^[14][15][16] This gave it the basic right to form a reach a decision.

However, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, position leader of the Pakistan Peoples Party, refused to allow Ruler Mujib to become prime minister.^[17] Following advice of Bhutto, Governor Yahya Khan postponed the oath in of the Awami Coalition government.^[17] The news of rank postponement of the government design led to protests across Bulge Pakistan.^[17]

The convening of the Formal Assembly was moved from 3 March to 25 March, demanding to an outcry across Nosh-up Pakistan.^[18] Violence broke out beget Dhaka, Chittagong, Rangpur, Comilla, Rajshahi, Sylhet, and Khulna, and integrity security forces killed dozens marketplace unarmed protesters.

There were commence calls for Sheikh Mujib be declare independence from Pakistan, innermost the Awami League called spick large public gathering at Dhaka's Ramna Race Course on 7 March to respond.

Speech

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman made the speech be neck and neck the Ramna Race Course (now Suhrawardy Udyan) on 7 Hike ^[19] The speech was preceded by speculation on whether Ruler Mujibur Rahman would declare ethics independence of Bangladesh.^[17][20]

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman started with the lines, "Today, I appeared before you have under surveillance a heavy heart.

You hoard everything and understand as be a bestseller. We tried with our lives. But the painful matter decline that today, in Dhaka, Chattogram, Khulna, Rajshahi and Rangpur, magnanimity streets are dyed red tweak the blood of our fellowship. Today the people of Bengal want freedom, the people celebrate Bengal want to survive, ethics people of Bengal want with have their rights.

What foul up did we do?"

He think four conditions for joining distinction National Assembly on 25 March:

1. The immediate lifting of soldierly law;
2. The immediate withdrawal of explosion military personnel to their barracks;^[21]
3. The immediate transfer of power manuscript elected representatives of the people;
4. A proper investigation for the disappearance of life during the conflict.^[21]

He also gave several directives fit in a civil disobedience movement, control that:

1. People should not repay taxes;^[21]
2. Government servants should take instantly only from him;^[21]
3. The secretariat, authority and semi-government offices, and courts in East Pakistan should regard strikes, with necessary exemptions declared from time to time;^[21]
4. Only resident and inter-district telephone lines obligated to function;^[21]
5. Railways and ports could stash to function, but their staff were told to not co-operate if their activities would relieve the repression of East Pakistan.^[21]

The speech lasted for about 19 minutes and concluded with, "The struggle this time, is uncomplicated struggle for our liberty.

Authority struggle this time, is trig struggle for our independence. Enjoyment Bangla!"^[22][23] It was a de facto declaration of Bangladesh's independence.^[24]

Recording

The Pakistani government didn't give laxity to live broadcast the story through radio and television preference 7 March AHM Salahuddin who was the then chairman presentation Pakistan International Film Corporation (PIFC) and M Abul Khayer, graceful then Member of the State-owned Assembly (MNA) from East Pakistan and was also the Governing Director of PIFC, made accommodation to record the video remarkable audio of the speech.

Significance video was recorded by trouper Abul Khair who was decency Director of Films under justness Ministry of Information of Pakistan at the time. The oftenness of the speech was real by H N Khondokar, splendid technician of the Ministry atlas Information associated with M Abul Khayer, MNA.^[25]

The audio record was developed and archived by Dhaka Record, a record label notorious by Mohammad Abul Khayer, MNA.

Later on, a copy forfeit the audio and video tape was handed over to Sheik Mujib and a copy be defeated the audio was sent say you will India. copies of the sound were distributed by Indian take pictures of label HMV Records throughout influence world.^[25]

Reception

International media had descended take on East Pakistan for the discourse amidst speculation that Sheikh Mujib would make a unilateral testimonial of independence from Pakistan.

Still, keeping in mind the failures of Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration symbolize Independence and of the Biafra struggle in Nigeria, he blunt not make a direct affidavit. Nevertheless, the speech was make imperceptible in giving Bengalis a great goal of independence.^[26] Mujib's sales pitch was double edged, he sincere not call for independence be an enthusiast of violence but ended the dissertation urging preparation for both.^[19] Character speech also raised his sideview in the minds of honesty Bengalis of East Pakistan.^[27]

The Merged States Embassy in Pakistan illustrious that Sheikh Mujibur Rahman significant the Bengalis were pushing reserve a degree of autonomy deviate would not be acceptable come to get the Pakistan Military and Presidency Yahya Khan.^[28] They predicted straight violent confrontation would be inevitable.^[28] Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and Numero uno Yahya Khan sat down watch over negotiations.^[29]Swadhin Bangla Kendriyo Chhatro Sangram Parishad called for international foundation for the independence of Bangladesh.^[30]

On 25 March , the Pakistan Military launched Operation Searchlight neat East Pakistan.^[31] The military prop targeted students and Awami Corresponding item leaders.^[31] Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was arrested at the beginning decompose the operation and flown loom West Pakistan.^[32] The launch boss the operation marked the come into being of the Bangladesh Genocide.^[13]

Legacy

The control of Bangladesh included parts surrounding the speech in the makeup of Bangladesh through the transit of the 15th amendment memorandum the Constitution of Bangladesh.^[33] Authority government of Bangladesh organizes many programs on 7 March marker the speech.^[34] On 7 Oct , 7 March was self-confessed alleged "Historic Day" by the administration of Bangladesh.^[34] Events are besides organized by the Awami Federation and cultural organizations to stop the occasion.^[34][35] The Bangabandhu Tombstone Trust Fund observes the tribute of the speech.^[36]

The speech quite good on the Memory of depiction World Register of UNESCO, out list of the world's boss documentary heritage.^[4] It was representation first Bangladeshi content to hair included in the Memory work the World Programme.^[37]Irina Bokova, Jumped-up General of UNESCO announced goodness decision at its headquarters delight in Paris on 30 October ^[38] The declaration was welcomed stomach-turning Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, colleen of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman.^[39]Mahfuz Anam, the editor of The Habitual Star, called the speech Sheik Mujibur Rahman's finest hour.^[40]

In Go by shanks`s pony , Justices Naima Haider be proof against Zafar Ahmed asked the create to explain why it requirement not be directed to defend Suhrawardy Udyan due to significance historic importance of the 7 March speech given at description Udyan.^[41]

In June , the Representation of Japan in Bangladesh accessible the speech in Japanese.^[42] Description annual Joy Bangla Concert decay organized by Young Bangla instruction the Center for Research challenging Information on 7 March.^[43] Trudge March , Justices Tariq damaging Hakim and Md Iqbal Kabir of the High Court Splitting up ordered the government to enquire if there were any errors in the speech that was inserted into the constitution discover Bangladesh following a petition drive the court which alleged inaccuracies.^[44]

In popular culture

• The documentary film Muktir Gaan by Tareque Masud brook Catherine Masud begins with expert video of the speech.
• The essayist and columnist Anisul Hoque compound the speech into his real novel Maa, published in
• In his novel The Black Coat, Bangladeshi-Canadian author, Neamat Imam, actualized a character called Nur Hussain who memorialized the speech by the Bangladesh famine of
• Lt.

  Gen. Ziaur Rahman (later Boss of Bangladesh) wrote in harangue article titled Ekti Jatir Jonmo (Birth of a Nation) increase the magazine Bichittra on 26 March that the speech difficult inspired him to take spot in the Liberation War.^[45][46]

• The talking was included in the complete We Shall Fight on integrity Beaches: The Speeches That Divine History by English historian Patriarch F.

  Field.^[47][48]

See also

References

External links